北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

發(fā)布時間：2024-04-27 13:00:02 查看人數(shù)：39

北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

第1篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計1113個字，預(yù)計看完需要3分鐘，共有195位用戶收藏，20人推薦！

在明清時期廣場可沒有這么大，當時它呈“t ”字形，“t”字的那一橫就是我們今天的長安街，那一豎就是從現(xiàn)在的國旗桿前至毛主席紀念堂前的這一長條形區(qū)域，在這一區(qū)域的兩側(cè)是按文東武西的格局分布著當時政府機關(guān)。解放后，原來廣場兩側(cè)的建筑被拆除，從而形成了今天廣場的基本格局。

在天安門廣場的四周，有很多著名的建筑，現(xiàn)在我為大家以順時針方向做一個簡單介紹，就讓我們以廣場西側(cè)的人民大會堂開始吧!人民大會堂位于天安門廣場西側(cè)，是全國人民代表參政、議政、舉行重大會議，當家作主行使主權(quán)的地方，建成于1959年，最高處46.5米，是現(xiàn)在廣場上的最高建筑。整個大會堂由三部分組成，南部為人大常委會辦公樓，中部為萬人大會堂，北端是國宴大廳，整座建筑自設(shè)計到完工只用了10個月，是我國建筑史上的一個奇跡。

在廣場的北端是大家都很熟悉的天安門城樓，它是新中國的象征，就是在天安門城樓上，1949年10月1日毛主席向全世界人民莊嚴宣告，“中華人民共和國成立了!中國人民從此站起來了!”：

廣場的東側(cè)矗立著中國歷史博物館及中國革命博物館，完工于1959年，那里是收藏并展覽中國古代、近代歷史文物及革命文物的主要場所。

在人民英雄紀念碑的南面是毛主席紀念堂，原來在那里曾有一座門，明代叫大明門，清代叫大清門，民國時又改為中華門，解放后拆除，1976年毛主席逝世后在其基址上建起了莊嚴肅穆的毛主席紀念堂。紀念堂建成于1977年，是為紀念偉大領(lǐng)袖毛主席而建，現(xiàn)在毛主席的遺體安然地躺在水晶棺中，供人們憑吊、瞻仰、表達深深的敬意。

廣場的正中，巍巍聳立著中國第一碑——人民英雄紀念碑，它是為了紀念那些自1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭至1949年中華人民共和國成立這一百多年來為中華民族的獨立及自由而拋頭顱、灑熱血的人民英雄們而建。整座紀念碑高37.94米，座落在雙層基座之上，碑座四周鑲嵌有八幅漢白玉浮雕，反映了中國近百年革命歷史。紀念碑的背面是毛主席起草，周總理手書的碑文，正面是毛主席親筆題寫的“人民英雄永垂不朽”八個鎦金大字。

天安門廣場是中國近代革命的見證人，反帝反封建的五四運動、三˙一八慘案、一二˙九都發(fā)生在這里。天安門廣場也是新中國誕生的見證人，更是今天人民幸福生活的見證人?，F(xiàn)在，它已被全國人民評為“ 中國第一景”，每天都有來自海內(nèi)外的朋友們到此參觀游覽。

好!不多說啦!各位一定想在這里照幾張相吧?現(xiàn)在就請各位自由拍照，10分鐘后我們在北面國旗桿處集合，謝謝大家!

第2篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計1278個字，預(yù)計看完需要4分鐘，共有264位用戶收藏，20人推薦！

北京旅游英語導(dǎo)游詞范文

導(dǎo)語：導(dǎo)游詞是導(dǎo)游人員引導(dǎo)游客觀光游覽時的講解詞，是導(dǎo)游員同游客交流思想，向游客傳播文化知識的工具，也是應(yīng)用寫作研究的文體之一。以下是小編整理北京旅游英語導(dǎo)游詞范文，以供參考。

ladies and gentlemen:

welcome to the great wall. starting out in the east on the banks of the yale river in leaning province, the wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to jiayuguan in the gobi desert, thus known as the ten thousand li wall in china. the wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the yanshan and yinshan mountain chains through five provinces——liaoning, hebei, shan_i, shaan_i, and gansu and two autonomous regions——ning_ia and inner mongolia, binding the northern china together.

historical records trace the construction of the origin of the wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 b.c. during the reign of king cheng of the states of chu. its construction continued throughout the warring states period in the fifth century b.c. walls, then, was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. later in 221 b.c. the most e_tensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the ming dynasty (1368——1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the ming dynasty wall that visitors see today.

the great wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with shan_i province as the dividing line. the west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. in the eastern part, the core of the wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. the most imposing and best preserved sections of the great wall are at badaling and mutianyu, not far from beijing and both are open to visitors.

the wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. two-storied watch-towers are built at appro_imately 400-meters internals. the top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. the highest watch-tower at badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven".

there stand 14 major passes (guan, in chinese) at places of strategic importance along the great wall, the most important being shanghaiguan and jiayuguan. yet the most impressive one is juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of beijing.

known as "tian _ia di yi guan" (the first paunder heaven), shanghaiguan pais situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north china with the northeast. it had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. it was the gate of shanghaiguan that the ming general wu sangui opened to the manchu army to supprethe peasant rebellion led by li zicheng and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the manchus, leading to the foundation of the qing dynasty. (1644-1911)

as a cultural heritage, the wall belongs not only to china but to the world. the venice charter says: "historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." the great wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. in 1987, the wall was listed by unesco as a world cultural heritage site.

第3篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計16206個字，預(yù)計看完需要41分鐘，共有211位用戶收藏，27人推薦！

北京頤和園英語導(dǎo)游詞范文

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

my name is __. i’m very honored to be youre guide. i do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. this morning we are going to visit the summer palace. the summer palace is located on the northwest suburbs of beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. so it will take us about 1 hour to get there. before we arrived at the summer palace, i would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. the summer palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden e_isting in chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. in 1998, it was placed on the list of world cultural heritage by the unesco.

the summer palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the jin dynasty. the construction continued to the yuan and ming dynasties. in the qing dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. during emperor qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘three hills and five gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of beijing. the summer palace was a part of it and at that time was called the garden of clear ripples. in 1860, the anglo-french allied forces invaded beijing. the ‘three hills and five gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.

in 1888, the empress dowager ci_i spent the navy fund having the garden of clear ripples rebuilt. and then she renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace).

in 1900, the allied forces of eight powers invaded beijing. the summer palace was once again severely damaged. it was rebuilt again in 1902.

in 1924, the last emperor puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the summer palace was turned into a public park.

ladies and gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. it is called “emptiness and the collection of e_cellence”, and it is the first scenery of the summer palace. the two chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. the two words on the back side mean collection of e_cellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the east palace gate)

now, we have arrived at the east palace gate. it’s the main entrance of the summer palace. on top of the gate there is a plaque with three chinese characters ‘the summer palace’ in emperor guang_u’s handwriting. the gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.

(inside the east palace gate)

now we are inside the summer palace. in front of us is the second gate of the summer palace— the gate of benevolence and longevity. the anne_ halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the privy council. well, before we start our tour in the garden, i will briefly introduce you the layout of the summer palace and our tour route. o.k., ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention please? let’s look at the map together, from it we can see the summer palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. the whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the marble boat. on the way, we will visit the main constructions of the summer palace, such as the hall of jade ripples, the hall of happiness and longevity, the long corridor, the hall of dispelling clouds and so on. it will take us about two hours to visit the summer palace. please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the north gate. should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the north gate.

ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the hall of benevolence and longevity. follow me please.

(inside the courtyard of the benevolence and longevity)

passing through the gate of benevolence and longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the hall of benevolence and longevity. the huge rock in front of us is taihu rock. it was quarried from taihu lake in jiangsu province, so it was known as taihu rock. please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. the taihu rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.

the bronze mythical animal behind the taihu rock is known as suanni or some people call it qilin. according to ancient chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. it was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of o_ and the tail of lion.

(in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity)

this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was first built in 1750. the name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘lun yu’ by confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” this hall was the place where emperor guang_u and empress dowager ci_i held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the summer palace. for protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. so i would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the hall of benevolence and longevity. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. there are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. on the mirror there are 226 chinese characters of the word ‘longevity’ written in different styles. there are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big chinese character ‘longevity’ written on it. it was said that the word ‘longevity’ written by empress dowager ci_i. there are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoeni_ in front of the hall. they were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. in the old days, the dragon and phoeni_ were the symbol of the emperor and empress. according to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoeni_es were to either side in front of the hall.however, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoeni_es are in the middle. this was a product of the end of qing dynasty when empress dowager ci_i handled state affairs behind the screen.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuour harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager ci_i were entertained with bejing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smile. the grand theater building was known as the ‘cradle of beijing opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. there are 7 e_hibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this is the grand theater building. of the three main theater buildings of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and largest one. the other two are changyin pavilion in the forbidden city and qingyin pavilion in the mountain resort in chengde. the grand theater building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. it is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. the top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. each level has the entrance and the e_it. there are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. there is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. the stage is open to three sides.

well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the grand theater building, it’s the hall of pleasure smile. the empress dowager ci_i used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the peking opera.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolence and longevity. it appears that there’s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is an application of a specific style of chinese

gardening.

now, we are walking along the bank of the kunming lake. look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. it’s called the spring heralding islet. the pavilion on the islet is called the spring heralding pavilion. a number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. in early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. hence the name ‘heralding sping pavilion’.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the hall of jade ripples. the words “jade ripples” came from a verse “gentle ripples gushing out of jade spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. in the late qing dynasty, it was where emperor guang_u was put under house arrest.

this hall is a hallmark of the movement of 1898. emperor guang_u was emperor dowager ci_i’s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, emperor dowager ci_i made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. she ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. after emperor guang_u ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager ci_i. it was called the ‘hundred-day reform’. after the reform failed, emperor guang_u was put under house arrest here. for the strict control of him, empress dowager ci_i ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the hall of jade ripples. at that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. today only the hidden walls in the east and west anne_ room still maintain its original appearance. it is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 reform movement.

(in front of the chamber of collecting books)

this is the chamber of collecting books. in chinese, it’s called “yi yun guang”. “yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. in ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.in the emperor qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. later it was converted into a residence. there used to be the residence of guang_u’s empress longyu, and his favorite concubine zhenfei.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

this group of courtyard is the hall of happiness and longevity. it was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of empress dowager ci_i. the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. in front of the hall of happiness and longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “qing zhi _iu” and nicknamed as “family bankruptcy rock”. this huge rock was discovered in fangshan district by a ming official mi wanzhong. he wanted to transport it to his own garden “shaoyuan”. in the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. after spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. the big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near liang_iang county, 30 kilometers southwest of beijing. hence it was nicknamed “family bancruptcy rock”. later emperor qianlong discovered it and transported to the garden of clear ripples and laid in front of the hall of happiness and longevity. the colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from germany in 1903. it is one of the earliest electric lights in china.

(in front of the gate of inviting the moon of the long corridor)

ladies and gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the louvre in france and the museum of great britain. now i will show you a special gallery in the palace—the long corridor. in 1990, the long corridor was listed in the guinness book of world records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. it would be a pity if we leave the summer palace without visiting the long corridor and the marble boat. now, here we go, the long corridor first!

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor starts from the gate inviting the moon to the shizhang gate. it is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace. since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( retaining the goodness pavilion, living with the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion, clear and far pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified comple_.

the long corridor is the longest covered veranda in any chinese garden. on the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 suzhou style paintings. among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of west lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province. beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. the paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient chinese classical literature, such as ‘pilgrimage to the west’, ‘the romance of the three kingdoms’, ‘the western chamber’, “water margin’, and ‘the dream of the red mansion’.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the central a_is line starts from the wharf ne_t to the lake to the sea of wisdom on top of the hill. the main architectural structures here are the gate of dispelling clouds, hall of dispelling clouds, tower of buddhist incense and the sea of wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace. this is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.

now we are walking continuely along the long corridor, the ne_t scene we are going to visit is marble boat.

look over there! halfway up the slope there stands the hall of listening to orioles. it was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. it is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. before the garden of virtuous harmony was built, empress dowager ci_i enjoyed opera and music here. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

this is the famous marble boat. a famous scientist of china’s eastern han dynasty once said, “water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” a prime minister of tang dynasty wei zheng once used these words to persuade li shimin, the emperor of the tang dynasty. he said people are water and the emperor is the boat. people can support a good emperor. however, they also can overthrow the dynasty. emperor qianlong built this huge boat in the garden in order to make the allusion concrete. on one hand, emperor qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. on the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the qing dynasty was as firm as the marble boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. the marble boat was the place for emperor qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of kunming lake. emperor qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. in the times of qianlong, the marble boat was a chinese styled stone boat with a chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. when it was rebuilt in the times of guang_u, a foreign and chinese elements mi_ed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. a big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.

our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the marble boat. today we only visited the major scenic spots of the summer palace. i have left other spots of interest for your ne_t visit. i will now show you out through the ruyi gate. our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. i do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. thank you.

北京天安門英語導(dǎo)游詞

tian’anmen( the gate of heavenly peace), is located in the center of beijing. it was first built in 1417 and named chengtianmen( the gate of heavenly succession). at the end of the ming dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. when it was rebuilt under the qing in 1651, it was renamed tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the imperial city, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. the southern sections of the imperial city wall still stand on both sides of the gate. the tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. according to the book of changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

during the ming and qing dynasties, tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. the most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) the minister of rites would receive the edict in taihedian( hall of supreme harmony), where the emperor was holding his court. the minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via taihemen( gate of supreme harmony)

2) the minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via wumen( meridian gate), to tian’anmen gate tower.

3) a courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. the civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) the courtier would then put the edict in a phoeni_-shaped wooden bo_ and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. the document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the ministry of rites.

5) the edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

such a process was historically recorded as “ imperial edict issued by golden phoeni_”.

during the ming and qing dynasties tian’anmen was the most important passage. it was this gate that the emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

on the westside of tian’anmen stands zhongshanpark( dr. sun yat-sen’s park), and on the east side, the working people’s cultural palave. the park was formerly called shejitan( altar of land and grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the god of land. it was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the chinese democratic revolution.

the working people’s cultural palace used to be taimiao( the supreme ancestral temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

the stream in front of tian’anmen is called waijinshuihe( outer golden river),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the e_clusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called yuluqiao( imperial bridge). the bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called wanggongqiao( royal’s bridges). farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named pinjiqiao( ministerial bridges). the remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called gongshengqiao( common bridges). they anr the one in front of the supreme ancestral temple to the east and the one in front of the altar of land and grain to the west.

the two stone lions by the gate of tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. they gaze toward the middle a_is, guarding the emperor’s walkway. in front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called huabiao. they are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. the story of huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. one of the versions accredits its invention to one of the chinese sage kings named yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to e_pose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

the beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. he was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” wangjunhui”( e_pecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( e_pecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

in the old days, tian’anmen, as a part of the imperial city, was meant for important occasions. the two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

on october 1, 1949, chairman mao zedong proclaimed on tian’anmen rostrum the founding of the people’s republic of china. since then tian’anmen has been the symbol of new chinea. chairman mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” long live the great unity of the peoples of the world”. today , the splendour of tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. the rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. it offers a panoramic view of the square and the city proper.

tian’anmen square

situated due south of tian’anmen, the square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. it has witnessed may historical events in china’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international labour day on may 1st and national day on october 1st.

around the square are several famous buildings:

1 the great hall of the people

this is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing chang’an street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the standing committee of the national peoples’ congress of china in the south. in addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the central government, plus hong kong and macao. each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 the museum of chinese history and the museum of the chinese revolution

these two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of chinese history houses a permanent e_hibition in four parts, covering the entire process of chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) the primitive society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century bc);

2) the slave society(21st century bc to 476 bc.);

3) the feudal society(475 bc. to 1840 ad.);

4) the semi-colonial and semi- fedual society(1840 to 1919.)

the museum of the chinese revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 the monument to the people’s heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the chinese people. its construction began on august 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. the purple piece inlaid in the front of the monument was brought from qingdao, shandong province. it is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of e_cellent architectural value.

on the front side of the monument is an engraved inscription in chinese characters written by chairman mao zedong, which reads” eternal glory to the people’s heroes!”. on the back of the monument is an article written by chairman mao, but in chinese calligraphy by the late premier zhou enlai.

at the top of the monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. at the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the chinese historic events since 1840. they are:

1) the burning of opium in 1840:

2) the uprising of 1851 in jintian, guang_i;

3) the revolution of 1911;

4) the may fourth movement of 1919;

5) the may 30th movement of 1925;

6) the uprising of 1927 in nanchang, jiang_i;

7) the war of resistance against japanese aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) the victorious crossing over the yangtze river by the peoples’s liberation army in 1949. this relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ supplying the front” and “ greeting the p.l.a.”.

4 chairman mao’s mausoleum

chairman mao zedong, the founder of the people’s pepublic of china, passed away on sepember 9, 1976. in commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in november 1976, and was completes in august the following year. the mausoleum was officially opened on september 9, 1977.

the mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. east of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the new democratic revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. the sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

inside the mausoleum are three main sections: a white marble statue of chairman mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. on the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

in the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which chairman mao’s body lies stately with the communist party’s flag covering over him.

on the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by chairman mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. it e_presses his full great e_pectations for the country.

tian’ anmen square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the people’s republic in 1999.

北京十三陵英語導(dǎo)游詞

he ming tombs are 40 kilometers north of beijing city on the southern slopes of tianshou mountain. they are the burial grounds of 13 ming dynasty emperors. in july 20__ the site was designated a world cultural heritage site by unesco.

empress _u died in the 5th year of yongle (1407). zhu di sent

zhao hong, secretary of the ministry of rites and a geomancer----liao junqing along with many others to beijing in search of an auspicious place for the tombs. it is said that this group of people first selected the area of tu jia ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldnt be used as the burial ground. ne_t they selected the foot of yangshan mountain, changping. however, since the surname of the emperor (zhu) is a homophone for pig and because a village named wolf mouth ravine was located there, they decided against using that area. later, they found yan-jiatai west of beijing. again, since yanjia was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemed unsuitable. it was not until the 7th year of yongle (1409), that they finally chose the present heavenly longevity mountain as their cemetery grounds.

the whole area covers 40 square kilometers. it has mountains to its east, west and north, and dragon mountain and tiger mountain are on either side of its southern entrance. the 13 tombs go from north to south. they are arranged in the manner of the imperial palace, with the administration area in the front and living quarters in the rear. in front of the tombs are divine passes, stone archways and steel towers. the precious city and ming tower stand over the underground palace.

there were 16 emperors during the ming dynasty. buried in the ming tombs, are 13 ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes, princesses and maids. the other 3 emperors, emperor zhu yuanzhang, zhu yunwen and zhu qiyu are buried in other locations.

the founder of the ming dynasty, zhu yuanzhang, established his capital in present day nanjing where he was buried after his death. his tomb is called _iaoling (tomb of filial piety).

the body of the second emperor of the ming, zhu yunwen, is missing. some said that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple and became a monk. there is no final conclusion yet.

the seventh ming emperor zhu qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elder brother zhu qizhen at jinshankou, a western suburb of beijing, because in the tumubao upheaval, emperor zhu qizhen became a captive and the younger brother of zhu qizhen. zhu qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later zhu qizhen was back and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the seizing gate upheaval.

the memorial arch was built in the 19th year of jiajing (1540) as a symbol of the ming tombs. it is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 arches supported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons and lotus flowers. the memorial arch is the biggest and the most e_quisite stone arch preserved in the country today. the major designs of dragon and cloud decorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. in addition, it also demonstrates the skillful artistry of the ming craftsmen.

the big palace gate is the front gate of the ming tombs, and is more commonly known as big red gate. facing south, there are three arch entrances to the gate, the main inlet to the ming tombs. flanking the gate are two stone tablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people to dismount, before entering into the tomb area. if they did not obey, they would be punished for their disrespect. the rules governing the ming tombs in the ming dynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood and break twigs would be flogged. those who came to fetch dirt and stone would be beheaded. those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged a hundred times.

the tablet house was built in the 10th year of _uande (1435), and stands about 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. a huge tablet stands in the middle of the tablet house. the front side bears an inscription by emperor renzong for chengzu. the reverse side is a poem by qing emperor qianlong recording in detail the conditions of the broken changling, yongling, dingling and _iling. on the east side is the record of e_penditures for repairing the ming tombs by the qing government. on the west side is an epitaph by qing emperor jiaqing. it was written in the 9th year of jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall of the ming dynasty.

on the north side of the tablet house, stands a group of stone carvings (36 in all). behind the house, there are two stone pillars. beyond the pillars are stone animals and other statues. lions, _ie zhi, camels, elephants, and qi lin horses .all of the animals are in two pairs. two stand, while the other two kneel. it is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials and officials of merit, four in each group. these stone animals and statues were made in the 10th year of _uande (1435). they reflect the imperial power when he was alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. the animals and statues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons and each was delicately and masterfully carved.

here stands ling _ing gate, also known as the unique dragon and phoeni_ gate, with the meaning of the gate of heaven. the gate is pierced with si_ door leaves, attached to three archways. the top of the central section of the three archways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as the flame archway. to the north of the dragon and phoeni_ gate there lays a seven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of changling. to the east of the seven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site of the seven-arch bridge.

actually we are standing on the a_le line of the ming tombs, otherwise known as the sacred way or the tomb path. we passed the memorial arch, the big palace gate, the tablet house, sacred way, stone animals and statues, and ling _ing gate. this seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north, all the way to the gate of changling.

now, we are moving to chang ling. changling is the first tomb built in the ming tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing emperor zhu di and his empress _u.

zhu di (chengzu) of the ming dynasty was the fourth son of the first emperor zhu yuanzhang, born in 1360. zhu di was conferred the title of the prince of yan in the 3rd year of hongwu (1370). he was appointed at beiping. after the death of zhu yuanzhang (the first ming emperor), zhu di used the prete_t of eliminating evil officials at the side of emperor jianwen to lead an army e_pedition down south to nanjing. he seized the throne in the 4th year of jianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in june inside the hall of ancestral worship in nanjing. zhu di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in the ming dynasty. as soon as he became the prince of yan, he led the generals out to battle. he had great achievements in calming down the north. after he took over his nephews power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughout the country and consolidated the rule of the ming dynasty. he made the important decision to move the capital to beijing. during the rule of zhu di, magnificent developments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy. in terms of culture, zhu di successively sent grand academician _ie jin, yan guang_iao and others to compile the yongle encyclopedia. the book has become the largest book ever complied in chinese history. for e_panding e_ternal e_changes and trade, zhu di selected eunuch zheng he to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold, silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast asia and africa seven times in the early years of yongle.

empress _u was buried together with emperor zhu di in changling. empress _ushi was the eldest daughter of _u da who was one of the founding fathers of the ming dynasty. throughout her lifespan, _u shi complied 20 articles of internal lectures and a book advising to be good, so as to cultivate peoples minds. she was the very first one to be buried in changling and in the ming tomb area.

the hall of eminent favor in changling is the best preserved among the thirteen tombs. it is a valuable relic of ancient chinas wooden structures. it is nine rooms wide and five rooms long, a hall size rarely seen in china. the roof is made of top-class double eaves and there are multiple rooms covered with yellow glazed tiles. the hall is supported by 60 thick nanmu pillars, the middle four in the hall are the thickest, the diameter of each one can reach over one meter. it is known as the best nanmu (phoebe) hall in the country.

now we are going to dinging. dingling is located at the east foot of dayu mountain. buried here are the 13th ming emperor wanli (zhu yijun) and his two empresses _iaoduan and _iaojing. zhu yijun was the longest on the throne of the ming emperors. (he was emperor for 48 years). he was the greediest and laziest emperor in the ming dynasty. zhu yijun ascended the throne at the age of 9. after he came to power, he was supported by the chief minister zhang juzheng. at this time, various aspects of society gained development.

later ,zhang juzheng died of illness. not long after wanli managed state affairs on his own, he used the chance to select the location for his tomb site when he went to pay homage to the ancestors tombs. he spent eight million taels of silver (250,000 kilos of silver) and si_ years to build a high quality tomb dingling. after the dingling was completed, zhu yijun personally went to inspect it, and felt very satisfied with the result. he went so far as to hold a grand banquet in the underground palace, which was unheard of in history.

zhu yijun was a typical muddle-headed emperor. reflecting on his reign, he did not pay attention to state affairs for 28 out of his 48 year rule. the state organ was effectively semi-paralyzed during his reign. later generations commented that the fall of the ming dynasty was caused by this emperor.

zhu yijun had two empresses. empress _iaojing was originally a maid of wanlis mother cisheng. later she gave birth to a son of the emperor. that son was the one-month emperor guangzong (zhu changluo). she died of illness 9 years earlier than shenzong died. she was buried as a concubine at pinggangdi, around the east pit, at the heavenly longevity mount. after _iaojing was conferred the title of “grandmother of the emperor”, her body was moved to the underground palace of dingling, and buried together with emperor wanli and empress _iaoduan on the same day. _iaoduan was conferred the title of empress, but she could not give birth to either a son or a daughter to the emperor. _iaoduan died of illness. a hundred days later, emperor wanli (zhu yijun) died too. empress _iaoduan, emperor wanli, and empress _iaojing were buried together in the underground palace.

the tablet in front of dingling has no words on it. it is called the wordless tablet. there is a pair of coiling dragons along the top and a pattern of sea waves carved on the bottom. its base is composed of a tortoise (bi_i). it is said that the dragon has nine sons. in twelve of the ming tombs, e_cluding changling, all the tablets are wordless. originally there were no tablet houses in front of the tombs, but later the tablet houses and steeles of the first si_ tombs were completed. but the emperor jiajing at the time indulged in drinking, lust and searching for longevity pills, so he had no time to pay attention on the inscriptions. consequently the si_ tablets are wordless. and in keeping with this tradition, that’s why the tablets later on are also blank.

now we are arriving at the gate of eminent favor and the hall of eminent favor of dingling, the hall of eminent favor is also called hall of enjoyment. it was the place where the emperor and his entourage held grand sacrificial rites. they were mostly destroyed when the qing soldiers came. and they were destroyed again later, so now only the ruins remain.

moving on, this is the e_hibition rooms that were built after the e_cavation of the underground palace. the e_hibition e_plains in detail the history of the tomb master and introduces the tomb e_cavation process. the e_hibition rooms are divided into two parts, the south and the north. in the south room, on display are the sacrificial objects of emperor wanli unearthed from the underground palace. in the north room, on display are the sacrificial items of the two empresses. all of then are fancy and invaluable.

now we arrive at the soul tower, this is the symbol of the tomb. it is a stone structure with colorful painted decorations. the soul tower and the precious citadel of dingling have never been damaged seriously. the soul tower is the best preserved architecture above the ground of dingling. on top of the yellow, glazed tiled roof of the soul tower sits a big stone tablet. two chinese characters----dingling, are carved on the tablet. inside the soul tower, on top of another stone tablet, there are two big characters----the great ming written in seal characters. on the body of the tablet, seven chinese characters-----tomb of emperor shenzong _ian are carved. the soul tower is connected with the precious citadel. the precious citadel is a large round wall built with bricks. the precious citadel wall is 7.5 m high, and lower part is thick while the upper part is thin. the round walls perimeter is over 800 meters, and inside the wall is a large artificial mound, the emperors tomb mound, known as precious top.

dingling is the only ming tomb to be e_cavated. formal e_cavation work started in may 1956 and ended in 1958. first, the working personnel discovered an e_posed gateway at the side wall to the southwest of the precious citadel of dingling. so they dug the first tunnel facing the position of the gateway. at the bottom of the tunnel, they discovered a tunnel made of bricks. three months later, along the direction of the tunnel, to the west of the soul tower, they dug the second tunnel. during the digging, they encountered with a stone tablet which inscribed the words from here 48. 8m forward and 10. 7m downward lies the precious wall. therefore it gave the correct direction of opening up the underground palace.

according to the direction of the stone tablet, after digging the third tunnel, they found a stone tunnel. at last they got to the precious wall. thus they opened the precious wall with a square stone room. to the west end of the room, lay two marble doors. the working personnel used a wire and wood plank to remove the self-acting stone bar, which was against the back of the door. with this method, they opened the entrance of the underground palace.

the palace has no beam which was built according to the principles of geomancy altogether there are five chambers. the chambers are separated by seven marble doors. the underground palace is 27 meters deep, covering an area of 1,195 square meters. there is a same structure stone door in between the front, middle and rear chambers. the door is made of marble. the biggest marble door is 3. 3 meters high, 1.7 meters wide, 4 tons in weight. it looks heavy, but it is reasonably designed. the pivot of the stone door is inclined to the door a_le, so the door is easy to open and close. on top of the door is a lintel (made of bronze) tube weighing about 10 tons to prevent the door from falling. carved on the front of the marble door are 9 rows of 81 knobs and strange animals with rings in their mouths. located on the reverse side, opposite the animals, is a protruding section that holds the doors self-acting stone bar.

the front and middle chambers are 7. 2 meters high and 6 meters wide. the floor is covered with gold bricks. according to records, the gold bricks are smooth and durable. the more you polish them, the brighter they become. there are no decorations in the front and two anne_ chambers. in the middle chamber, there are three marble thrones for emperor wanli and his two empresses, known as the precious thrones. in the front of the thrones, there are five yellow glazed offerings and one blue-and-white porcelain jar of jiajing years style with a cloud-and-dragon design. it is about 0.7 meters in diameter. originally there was sesame oil in the jar. on the surface of the oil was a copper tube with a wick inside. it is called the everlasting lamp. due to the lack of o_ygen, the light went out so the oil had not been used all.

the rear chamber is the biggest of the three. it is 9.5 meters high, 31 meters long, 9.l meters wide, the floor is paved with polished stones. in the rear chamber, there is a coffin platform edged with white marble. placed on the platform are the coffins of emperor wanli and his two empresses as well as 26 vermilion bo_es filled with funeral objects.

in the middle of the coffin platform, there is a rectangular hole filled with soil called gold well. putting jade stone around the coffin or inside the coffin or in the mouth of the deceased is called being buried with jade. ancient people believed gold well was the pit of geomancy. it could prevent the body from decay for a long time. being buried with jade on a gold well was the highest standard of entombment one could receive in the feudal era.

originally the empresss coffin should have been placed in the rear chamber. then why were the coffins of the two empresses also in the same chamber as the emperors? in 1620, first empress _iaoduan died in april, then in july emperor wanli also died. after that, the son of zhu changluo died 29 days after his succession. in only a few months, two emperors and one empress had died in succession. in addition they had removed empress _iaojings coffin to dingling. all the burdens of the funeral burials fell on the just enthroned emperor zhu youjian. the preparation work was done in a hurried fashion (this was clearly recorded in historical documents). the rainy season had already arrived before the funeral could occur and the passage leading to the empress anne_ chamber may not have been convenient to open. so the coffins of the emperor, empresses all entered the underground palace through the front entrance. after the coffins entered the underground palace, since the passage to the anne_ chambers were narrow, the coffins of the empresses would not fit through it. so they had to put all the three coffins together into the rear chamber.

now please follow me out of the underground palace. and our tour for today is completed. i hope you have found our time together informative and enjoyable. we now have half an hour for a rest, and then we will get together here at 4:00pm. thank you.

第4篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計1297個字，預(yù)計看完需要4分鐘，共有281位用戶收藏，13人推薦！

tian’anmen rostrum

2) the minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via wumen( meridian gate), to tian’anmen gate tower.

5) the edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

such a process was historically recorded as “ imperial edict issued by golden phoeni_”.during the ming and qing dynasties tian’anmen was the most important passage. it was this gate that the emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

北京長城英文導(dǎo)游詞 ·岳陽樓英文導(dǎo)游辭 ·重慶英文導(dǎo)游詞 ·西藏英文導(dǎo)游詞

第5篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計529個字，預(yù)計看完需要2分鐘，共有260位用戶收藏，14人推薦！

三陵是明朝十三代皇帝及皇后之陵墓的簡稱，在北京西北約44公里的昌平縣天壽山下的小盆地上，面積約40平方公里。從德勝門驅(qū)車直下，向北經(jīng)沙河、昌平就可到達十三陵了。

十三座墓陵的建筑布局、規(guī)制等基本相同，只在面積大小、建筑繁簡等方面略有差異。其中明成祖朱棣所葬之墓——長陵，是十三陵中規(guī)模最大的。長陵建于明永樂十一年(1420xx年)，陵內(nèi)有主要建筑棱恩殿、明樓和寶頂。棱恩殿為我國現(xiàn)存形體最大的一座木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑。定陵是明神宗朱翊均的安寢之地，是十三陵中唯一被發(fā)掘的陵墓，著名的十三陵地下宮殿就在這里。定陵修建于萬歷十二年(1584年)，規(guī)模宏大，僅當年役使的軍卒、工匠就達三萬余人。地下宮殿的發(fā)掘，出土了大量珍貴的文物，成為研究明代歷史的寶貴資料。另一座明陵——永陵，是明世宗朱厚聰?shù)牧陮?，其?guī)模雖不及長陵，但構(gòu)造精美細致，其主要建筑明樓，為十三陵建筑之冠。

十三陵除以上景點供游人觀覽外，還有著名的石牌樓(為我國最大的古石坊)及造型細膩、栩栩如生的石象生。1958年修建的十三陵水庫，更給十三陵增添了新的光彩，成為夏季旅游的好去處。十三陵第九號皇陵——昭陵，也從1985年開始修復(fù)，1989年11月1日修復(fù)完畢，對外開放。十三陵為1961年國務(wù)院公布的第一批全國重點文物保護單位之一。

第6篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計283個字，預(yù)計看完需要1分鐘，共有233位用戶收藏，13人推薦！

大家好，我是你們的導(dǎo)游，你們也可以叫我小澤，你們眼前的就是萬里長城。我感到非常榮幸!那么我們就開始長城之旅吧!

那我來為你們介紹一下萬里長城，萬里，萬里長城是有垛子、了望臺、射口、堡壘。了望口是觀察敵人的情況的，射口是射擊用的，堡壘是保護好人的因為堡壘很堅固。

站在長城上，踏著腳下的方磚，扶著墻上的條石很自然的想起古代修筑長城的勞動人們來。當看這數(shù)不清的條石，一塊有兩千斤重，那時候沒有火車，汽車，沒有期中機，就靠著無數(shù)的肩膀和手，一布一步的抬上這峭的山嶺。多少勞動人們的血汗和智慧，才凝結(jié)這前不見頭、后不見尾的萬長城。

這樣氣魄雄偉地工程，在世界歷史上是一個偉大的奇跡。

第7篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計864個字，預(yù)計看完需要3分鐘，共有219位用戶收藏，17人推薦！

八達嶺長城位于北京延慶縣南部，在北京城區(qū)的西北方向，距市中心75公里。

八達嶺長城是我國古代偉大的防御工程萬里長城的一部分，建于明代弘治十八年(1520xx年)，明嘉靖、萬歷年間曾加以修葺該段長城地勢險峻，居高臨下，是明代重要的軍事關(guān)隘和首都北京的重要屏障。

八達嶺長城碗蜒于崇山峻嶺之間，依山而建，高低起伏，曲折綿延。八達嶺位于居庸關(guān)外口，有東、西兩座關(guān)門，東叫“居庸外鎮(zhèn)”，西稱“北門鎖鑰”。關(guān)城東窄西寬，長城從“北門鑰鎖”關(guān)門城合臺起依山而筑，城墻高低不一，平均高約7.5米，頂寬約6米，可容五馬并馳，十人并行。該段長城的墻體是用整齊巨大的條石鋪成，有的條石長達2米，重數(shù)百斤。內(nèi)部填滿泥土和石塊，墻頂?shù)孛驿仢M方磚，十分平整。墻頂外側(cè)筑有高 1.7米的垛口，上有了望孔，下有射擊洞，內(nèi)側(cè)建有宇墻。城墻每隔一段，筑有一個堡壘式的方形城臺。城臺有高有低，高的叫敵摟，是守望和軍士住宿的地方;低的叫墻臺，高度與城墻相差不多但突出墻外，四周有垛口，是巡邏放哨的地方。在制高點上還設(shè)有煙墩，即烽火臺，是古代傳遞警訊的設(shè)施。

從1995年10月1日起，每個周末八達嶺長城從南至北四烽火臺的1200米距離內(nèi)，650盞彩色泛光燈同時亮起迷人的燈光。每日晚上18點30分至21點30分，對游人開放。

萬里長城，人類的巨著!

中華之魂!八達嶺長城史稱天下九塞之一，是萬里長城的精華和杰出代表。

八達嶺長城是萬里長城向游人開放最早的地段，八達嶺景區(qū)以八達嶺長城為主，興建了八達嶺飯店、全周影院和由-主席親筆題名的中國長城博物館等功能齊全的現(xiàn)代化旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施，被評為中國旅游勝地四十佳之首和北京旅游的"世界之最"。作為"世界文化遺產(chǎn)"，八達嶺景區(qū)以其宏偉的景觀、完善的設(shè)施和深厚的文化歷史內(nèi)涵而著稱于世。

八達嶺地理環(huán)境優(yōu)越，自古以來就是通往山西、內(nèi)蒙、張家口的交通要道。98年，八達嶺高速公路建成通車，交通十分便利。而且，八達嶺的年平均氣溫比北京低3 ℃以上，成為"夏都"延慶的旅游龍頭。

迄今，八達嶺長城已接待中外游客1.2億多人次,370多位外國元首及世界風云人物在此留下足跡。

第8篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計1350個字，預(yù)計看完需要4分鐘，共有300位用戶收藏，20人推薦！

各位游客：

大家好!歡迎大家到八達嶺景區(qū)觀光旅游。今天有幸陪同大家一起參觀，我很高興，望各能在八達嶺度過一段美好的時光。

長城是世界聞名的奇跡之一，它像一條巨龍盤踞在中國北方的遼闊的土地上。它是中國古代勞動人民血法的結(jié)晶，也是中國古代文化的象征和中華民族的驕傲。

游客們，我們已經(jīng)來到了著名的八達嶺長城，您向遠處看，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這里的長城分為南、北兩峰，蜿蜒于山脊之上，龍騰虎躍、氣象萬千，景色十分壯觀。往下面看是有兩個門洞和u字形的城墻緞怕讞甕城。在甕城墻上內(nèi)外兩面都有垛口墻，四面拒敵。倘若敵人攻破關(guān)門涌入城內(nèi)，將受到四面守城將圍殲，敵人如落甕中。甕城是長城的一個重要組成部分。它一般都建在地形險要的交通要道上。八達嶺的甕城也不例外。建在山脊上，受地形限制，依山就勢，東低西高，東窄西寬，僅有5000平方米。甕城內(nèi)無井，水源缺乏，平常駐兵不多，守城部隊駐在西北三里的岔道城。甕城中原有一座"察院公館"，是供皇帝路過駐蹕或官員停留住宿的。甕城兩門之間相距63.9米，西門楣題額"北門鎖鑰"，它的用意我在前面已經(jīng)講過。

城門洞上，古進安裝有巨大的雙扇木門，門內(nèi)安裝有木頂柱和鎖閂。平時，大門敞開，行人商旅自由出入;戰(zhàn)時城門緊閉，嚴實堅固;一旦發(fā)出反擊號令，城門洞又是千軍萬馬發(fā)起沖鋒的出口。甕城的東門楣題額為"居庸外填"，修建于明嘉靖十八年。在"居庸外鎮(zhèn)"關(guān)城的城臺上，原來嵌有一塊石碑，為明朝萬歷年間刻制。從碑文可以看一帶長城，先后經(jīng)80多年時間才完成。這碑中還記錄著修筑長城的時間、長度、主持官和管工頭、燒頭、窯匠頭、泥瓦匠頭和名字，以明確責任。站在城上向下看，我們中以看

到來往不斷的車輛和從門洞穿過的游人。這里不僅是古代重要的軍事防御關(guān)口，而且也是交通要道。從這里南通昌平、北京，北去延慶，西北往宣化、張家口，"路從此分，四通八達"。八達嶺也因此得名。

我們往右下方看，在登城口的南側(cè)陳列著一門大炮，名為"這時威大將軍"。這門炮炮身長2.85米，口徑105毫米，由于中炮身上鑄有"敕賜神威大將"而得名。字最大的射程是500多米，可見當時的軍工業(yè)是比較發(fā)達的。

從關(guān)城城臺到南峰的最高處南4樓，城墻長685.8米，高度上升142.4米，特別是南3樓至南4樓之間，山脊狹窄，山勢陡峭，長城逶迤400多米。城頂最險處，坡度約為70度，幾乎是直上直下。南1樓和南2樓，都沒有修復(fù)二層，從南3樓遺存的柱礎(chǔ)看，原來也有鋪房。

南峰長城以南4樓地勢最高，海拔803.6米。登樓眺望，長城自西南向東北蜿蜓于山脊之上，宛如蒼龍，宏偉壯觀。使人不由得想起我國著名的長城專家羅哲文先生登臨八達嶺長城時詠的詩;千峰疊翠擁居庸，山北山南處處峰。鎖鑰北門天設(shè)險，半哉峻嶺走長龍。從南4樓到南7樓，高度逐漸下降。南5樓與南6樓之間在長城的內(nèi)側(cè)距城墻30米的山脊上，聳立著一座白色的小亭，這就是1987年6月落成的"貴州省修復(fù)長城紀念碑亭"。南6樓是一座鋪房，鋪房建在上層的頂上，面闊三間，硬山頂，紅柱子，灰色瓦，小巧玲瓏。這大概是當年"千總"的指揮所。

今天的長城，早已失去軍事價值，而以其特有的魅力，吸引著廣大中外游客，成為舉世聞名的旅游勝地。隨著旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展，長城這一中華民族的象征，全世界重要的文化遺產(chǎn)，會煥發(fā)出新的生機。以更優(yōu)質(zhì)的旅游服務(wù)、更優(yōu)美的旅游環(huán)境迎接著大家的到來!

第9篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計3031個字，預(yù)計看完需要8分鐘，共有193位用戶收藏，23人推薦！

大家好，我是你們今天的小導(dǎo)游—(小吳)，我將帶你們?nèi)ヒ粋€風水寶地—北京!

北京位于華北大平原的西北端，是中華人民共和國的首都，全國政治、文化、交通、旅游和國際交往的中心，北京導(dǎo)游詞。全市由11個區(qū)和7個縣組成?？偯娣e16800平方公里，其中市區(qū)占地1040平方公里。人口1150萬。北京為我國四大直轄市之首。

北京，已有3000多年的文字記載歷史和悠久的城建沿革。遠在70～50萬年前，這里就是人類祖先的發(fā)祥地，“北京猿人”便在京西南的周口店等地繁衍生息。公元前586年，周朝的封侯國—燕國，在此建都，名“薊”，從此“燕京”之名流傳至今。14xx年朱棣奪得皇位，遷都北平，并改名為北京，北京之名從此開始。不久興建紫禁城等，經(jīng)過十五年施工于1420年建成，1421年正式遷都北京。1644年清軍入關(guān)，明朝滅亡，清朝也在北京建都。1949年新中國成立后，古老的北京獲得了新生，被確定為新中國的首都。

現(xiàn)在大家已經(jīng)來到了北京的遠郊昌平區(qū)，那即將進入的就是十三陵景區(qū)。利用這段時間，我來給大家講解一下十三陵的歷史背景和說明。

明朝永樂皇帝朱棣在14xx年派了一些風水術(shù)士到北京選擇“吉壤”，其實就是吉祥的土地，準備修建陵寢。當時這些人找了很多地方，但是都不成功，最后直到明永樂七年，才選定了現(xiàn)在的這片天壽山陵區(qū)，在周圍有蟒山，虎峪，龍山和天壽山。這里正符合了陰陽五行中四方之神的所在位置，就是東青龍，西白虎，南朱雀，北玄武，還有溫榆河經(jīng)過這里，真可以說是風水寶地。從此可見當時皇帝要為自己修建一個陵寢要耗費多少精力啊。隨后，就開始修建了長陵，經(jīng)過四年終于竣工了。那明朝歷代的皇帝，也陸續(xù)在這里修建了陵寢。而且從1409修建長陵一直到1644年明王朝滅亡，這200多年間，明十三陵的營建工程從來沒有間斷過。在這方圓40平方公里的范圍，埋葬了明代十三位皇帝，二十三位皇后，還有許多的妃子，太子等等?？墒沁@里也沒能夠完整的保留下來，在清兵入關(guān)以后，為了報復(fù)金人將清太祖的祖墳毀掉，所以就將這里燒了。后來在乾隆五十年的時候，為了籠絡(luò)漢人，就下令修繕陵區(qū)。在新中國成立以后，對這里進行了大規(guī)模的開發(fā)，并且開放了的長陵、定陵和昭陵，其中定陵的地宮已經(jīng)被發(fā)掘了?，F(xiàn)在這里已經(jīng)成為了全國重點風景名勝區(qū)，是世界上保存完整、埋葬皇帝最多的墓葬群?，F(xiàn)在大家可能在想：明朝不是有十六個皇帝么?怎么在這里只有十三個皇帝的陵寢?其實原因很簡單，明太祖朱元璋因為建都南京，所以他的陵墓當然就在南京啦，也就是明孝陵;而明朝第二個皇帝建文帝，因為被朱棣奪取了皇位，尸骨下落不明，所以這里就沒有他的陵墓;在明朝第七代皇帝英宗的時候，他曾經(jīng)被宦官王振慫恿，率軍親征，后來在河北懷來的土木堡被瓦刺軍俘虜，這個事件稱為“土木之變”，一國不能無君，所以他的兄弟就被冊封為景泰帝，而后又上演了英宗重新奪取皇位的“奪門之變”，所以在十三陵中沒有景泰帝的陵墓，他以親王的禮節(jié)被安葬在西郊的金山口。這樣一來，大家一定都明白了為什么這里叫做十三陵了。

從十三陵出來，我們來到了清朝第一大貪官和珅的府邸—親王府

大門入園——后罩樓——龍王廟——西洋門——獨樂峰——蝠池——安善堂——流杯亭——垂花門——明道齋(展室)——大戲樓——綠天小隱——福字碑——澄懷擷秀——秋水山房——榆關(guān)——出園

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅開始在這東依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第，時稱“和第”。有說法稱、明弘治年間、大太監(jiān)李廣也曾經(jīng)置第于此。嘉慶四年正月初三太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶褫奪了和珅軍機大臣、九門提督兩職，抄了其家，估計全部財富

約值白銀兩千萬兩，相當于清政府半年的財政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”。而宅子本身，則如愿歸“愛豪宅不愛江山”的胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有。與此同時，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中，導(dǎo)游詞《北京導(dǎo)游詞》。咸豐元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕訢成為這所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今?！耙蛔醺?，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會，后由輔仁大學用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學堂。新中國成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風機廠、音樂學院等多家單位使用過。

如果說恭王府代表的是王府文化的話，那么四合院應(yīng)該就是能代表我們百姓文化的了，現(xiàn)在讓我們來到北京的老宅子—四合院!

四合院，可說是天下聞名，老北京人都說如果沒有了四合院，北京就像沒有了生命一樣，它倒是成了北京的“掌上明珠”!

北京的四合院所以有名，還在于它的構(gòu)成有獨特之處，在中國傳統(tǒng)住宅建筑中具有典型性和代表性。中國住宅建筑大部分是內(nèi)院式住宅，南方地區(qū)的住宅院落很小，四周房屋連成一體，稱作“一顆印”。這種住宅適合于南方的氣候條件，通風采光均欠理想。

北京的四合院，院落寬綽疏朗，四面房屋各自獨立，彼此之間有游廊聯(lián)接，起居十分方便，所謂四合，“四”指東、西、南、北四面，“合”即四面房屋圍在一起，形成崐一個“口”字形。經(jīng)過數(shù)百年的營建，北京四合院從平面布局到內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)、細部裝修都形成了京師特有的京味風格。

北京正規(guī)四合院一般依東西向的胡同而坐北朝南，基本形制是分居四面的北房(正房)、南房(倒座房)和東、西廂房，四周再圍以高墻形成四合，開一個門。大門辟于宅院東南角“巽”位。

四合院中間是庭院，院落寬敞，庭院中植樹栽花，備缸飼養(yǎng)金魚，是四合院布局的中心，也是人們穿行、采光、通風、納涼、休息、家務(wù)勞動的場所。四合院是封閉式的住宅，對外只有一個街門，關(guān)起門來自成天地，具有很強的私密性非常適合獨家居住。院內(nèi)，四面房子都向院落方向開門，一家人在里面和親和美，其樂融融。由于院落寬敞，可在院內(nèi)植樹栽花，飼鳥養(yǎng)魚，疊石造景。居住者不僅享有舒適的住房，還可分享大自然賜予的一片美好天地。四合院，也是華北地區(qū)民用住宅中的一種組合建筑形式，是一種四四方方或者是長方形的院落。一家一戶，住在一個封閉式的院子里，過著一種安逸、消閑、清靜的日子，享受家庭的歡欣、天倫的樂趣，自然有一種令人悠然自得的氣氛。之所以這樣，北京四合院講究綠化，院內(nèi)種樹種花，確是花木扶疏，幽雅宜人。老北京愛種的花有丁香、海棠、榆葉梅、山桃花等等，樹多是棗樹、槐樹?；ú莩苑N外，還可盆栽、水養(yǎng)。

盆栽花木最常見的是石榴樹、夾竹桃、金桂、銀桂、杜鵑、梔子等等，種石榴取石榴"多子"之兆。至于階前花圃中的草茉莉、鳳仙花、牽?；?、扁豆花，更是四合院的家常美景了。

它雖為居住建筑，卻蘊含著深刻的文化內(nèi)涵，是中華傳統(tǒng)文化的載體。

有些家庭，為了把院落裝飾點綴一番，還在院落一進門處的正對面，修建一個影壁，也即是一堵磚墻。在正對大門的這一面，一般都有花卉、松竹圖案或者大幅的書法字樣醒目地放置影壁正面。上書“?！薄ⅰ暗摗?、“壽”等象征吉祥的字樣。也有一部分影壁，繪上吉祥的圖案，如“松鶴延年”、“喜鵲登梅”、“麒麟送子”等等，給四合院內(nèi)制造了一種書香翰墨的氣氛。也有的農(nóng)家，采用“五谷豐登”、“吉祥如意”、“福如東海”的字樣或圖畫。這種影壁，設(shè)在大門之內(nèi)的迎門處，有的是單獨建筑的，有的是鑲在廂房山墻上的。影壁，也稱照壁，壁身都為正方形，四周用磚雕裝飾，中間的方塊為書法或者繪畫。照壁分為基座和壁身兩個部分，除去給庭院增加氣氛，祈禱吉祥之外，照壁也起到一種使外界難以窺視院內(nèi)活動的隔離作用。

如果四合院沒了，那就徹底失去了老北京的文化色彩，那不僅是北京的符號，也是北京的魂兒?？上攵暮显菏潜本┑囊环N文化特色，成為了北京美麗的風景線!

本次的北京四合院之旅就要到這里結(jié)束了!

第10篇北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

閱讀小貼士：本篇共計365個字，預(yù)計看完需要1分鐘，共有299位用戶收藏，11人推薦！

女士們!先生們!大家下午好!我是導(dǎo)游李志賢，今年九歲了。大家都叫我小李就行了。

歡迎大家來到長城玩!你們知道長城為什么是世界遺產(chǎn)嗎?這是因為，長城的一塊石頭就有兩三百斤重。那時，還沒有起重機，全部依靠鄉(xiāng)親們無數(shù)個肩膀和無數(shù)雙手，這才成了今天的世界遺產(chǎn)。

長城，經(jīng)過無數(shù)次重修。你們知道長城的傳說嗎?我給大家說一個吧!

相傳，有兩家人種西瓜。一天，西瓜成熟了，發(fā)現(xiàn)有一個特別大的西瓜，打開一看，里面竟然是個小女孩。他們兩家給她取名為：孟姜女。

孟姜女長大后，找了丈夫。一天，官兵來了，把她丈夫抓走去修長城了。

幾年后，她丈夫死了。孟姜女很傷心，就去長城邊找她丈夫。她邊找邊哭，長城都被她哭倒了。

長城，還有很大的防御能力。但是，秦始皇卻害死了許多無辜的老百姓，讓老百姓人心惶惶，這樣，秦國最終滅亡了。

好了，長城到了，大家可以下車仔細瀏覽我們的萬里長城了!

北京旅游導(dǎo)游詞

各位朋友：現(xiàn)在，我們來到了天安門廣場，我先為大家做一個簡單的介紹，天安門廣場是目前世界上最大的城市中心廣場，它位于北京市區(qū)的中心.天安門廣場呈長方形，南北長880米，東西寬500米，總面積 44萬平方米。如果人們肩并肩地站在廣場上，整個廣場可容納100萬人，就是說全北京總?cè)丝诘?13都可以同時站在這里，夠大的吧!在明清時期廣場可沒有這么大，當時它呈“T ”字形，“T”字的那一橫就是我們今天的長安街，那一豎就是從現(xiàn)在的國旗桿前至毛主席紀念堂前的這一長條形區(qū)域，在這一區(qū)域的兩側(cè)是按文東

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